{"id":4580,"date":"2025-12-14T15:44:05","date_gmt":"2025-12-14T14:44:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/avant4degres.fr\/?page_id=4580"},"modified":"2026-08-14T11:24:22","modified_gmt":"2026-08-14T09:24:22","slug":"quest-ce-que-le-chaume","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/avant4degres.fr\/en\/quest-ce-que-le-chaume\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu&rsquo;est-ce que le chaume ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4580\" class=\"elementor elementor-4580\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94df749 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"94df749\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51f0b06 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"51f0b06\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Qu'est-ce que le chaume ?<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dca04fb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"dca04fb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-191e9a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"191e9a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>15 d\u00e9cembre 2025<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3831ce8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3831ce8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/avant4degres.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Couverture-en-chaume-rg5dmawwtec3e0fkfp69xvf4or3cuci3pj5s3i0m9k.jpg\" title=\"Couverture en chaume\" alt=\"Couverture en chaume et fa\u00eetage v\u00e9g\u00e9talis\u00e9 en iris\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18c79cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"18c79cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Qu&rsquo;est-ce que le chaume ? Derri\u00e8re ce terme peut se cacher du roseau, de la paille de bl\u00e9, de seigle, du jonc, du gen\u00eat, de la bruy\u00e8re\u2026 bien que le <strong>roseau commun (<em>Phragmites australis<\/em>)<\/strong> soit largement majoritaire. Ce qui explique que l\u2019<strong>on retrouve des toits de chaume dans de nombreuses r\u00e9gions fran\u00e7aises<\/strong>, recouvrant des maisons aussi bien en pierre qu\u2019en pan de bois ou en torchis. Le fa\u00eetage peut \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9 en tuile, voire en m\u00e9tal, mais <strong>le fa\u00eetage traditionnel est compos\u00e9 d\u2019iris ou de joubarbes<\/strong>.<\/p><p><strong>Plus l\u00e9ger que la tuile ou l\u2019ardoise (25 \u00e0 35 kg\/m\u00b2)<\/strong>, le chaume est une couverture parfaitement adapt\u00e9e aux charpentes l\u00e9g\u00e8res. \u00c0 noter que <strong>les toitures en chaume sont souvent tr\u00e8s pentues (au moins 45\u00b0)<\/strong> pour emp\u00eacher la stagnation de la pluie et de la neige et ainsi assurer leur long\u00e9vit\u00e9. <strong>La dur\u00e9e de vie d\u2019un toit en chaume entretenu r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement est de 30 \u00e0 40 ans.<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>D\u2019une \u00e9paisseur d\u2019environ 40 cm, la couverture en chaume est r\u00e9put\u00e9e pour sa bonne isolation acoustique<\/strong>, notamment en cas de fortes pluies ou de gr\u00eale. Du point de vue thermique, le livre de J.-P. Oliva et S. Courgey <em>L\u2019isolation thermique \u00e9cologique<\/em> donne un <strong>coefficient de conductivit\u00e9 thermique entre 0,055 et 0,090 W\/m.K.<\/strong>, soit une r\u00e9sistance thermique moyenne de <strong>5,5 m\u00b2.K\/W pour 40 cm<\/strong> (soit proche du R de 6 m\u00b2.K\/W demand\u00e9 en toiture de rampants am\u00e9nag\u00e9s par Ma Prime R\u00e9nov\u2019).<\/p><p>D\u2019apr\u00e8s la fiche Ini\u00e8s du chaume (certes donn\u00e9e environnementale par d\u00e9faut, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire g\u00e9n\u00e9rique et p\u00e9nalisante), son <strong>excellent bilan carbone<\/strong> (-3,58 kg CO<sub>2<\/sub> eq.\/m\u00b2) est contrebalanc\u00e9 par son \u00e9nergie grise s\u2019\u00e9levant \u00e0 184,2 kWh\/m\u00b2 (<strong>plus de 500 g d\u2019acier sous forme de tige et de vis \u00e9tant n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la mise en \u0153uvre<\/strong>). \u00c0 noter que la fiche ne pr\u00e9cise aucune r\u00e9sistance thermique. En comparaison, le bilan carbone de la laine de bois Steico Flex est de 7,72 kg CO<sub>2<\/sub> eq.\/m\u00b2 et son \u00e9nergie grise de 56,73 kWh\/m\u00b2 hors accessoires de pose (pour un R de 6 m\u00b2.K\/W). Si le chaume est ici p\u00e9nalis\u00e9 en int\u00e9grant dans l\u2019ACV le mat\u00e9riel n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 sa mise en \u0153uvre, il est important que son approvisionnement demeure local, et non pas en provenance d\u2019Asie centrale, pour ne pas tomber dans une sorte de \u00ab\u00a0retour du rustique\u00a0\u00bb absurde et contre-productif du point de vue environnemental.<\/p><p>\ud83d\udcbb <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.maisons-paysannes.org\/wiki\/Toit_de_chaume\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Page Wiki \u00ab\u00a0Toit de chaume\u00a0\u00bb de Maisons Paysannes de France<\/a><\/span><\/p><p>\ud83d\udcd6 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.parc-naturel-briere.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Guide-Surveiller-sa-couverture.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Guide <em>Surveiller sa couverture en chaume<\/em> du PNR de Bri\u00e8re<\/a><\/span><\/p><p>\ud83d\udcd6 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/base-inies.fr\/consultation\/infos-produit\/30078\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fiche Ini\u00e8s Couverture en chaume (donn\u00e9e environnementale par d\u00e9faut)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a15e36c elementor-align-center elementor-mobile-align-right elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a15e36c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/avant4degres.fr\/en\/mes-offres-daccompagnement-dans-votre-parcours-de-renovation\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Je d\u00e9couvre les isolants biosourc\u00e9s lors d'une visite-conseil<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qu&rsquo;est-ce que le chaume ? 15 d\u00e9cembre 2025 Qu&rsquo;est-ce que le chaume ? Derri\u00e8re ce terme peut se cacher du roseau, de la paille de bl\u00e9, de seigle, du jonc, du gen\u00eat, de la bruy\u00e8re\u2026 bien que le roseau commun (Phragmites australis) soit largement majoritaire. Ce qui explique que l\u2019on retrouve des toits de chaume [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ocean_front_end_style_editor":"no","ocean_post_layout":"full-width","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"off","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"on","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"off","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4580","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Qu&#039;est-ce que le chaume ? - Avant 4 degr\u00e9s<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/avant4degres.fr\/en\/quest-ce-que-le-chaume\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Qu&#039;est-ce que le chaume ? - Avant 4 degr\u00e9s\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Qu&rsquo;est-ce que le chaume ? 15 d\u00e9cembre 2025 Qu&rsquo;est-ce que le chaume ? 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Derri\u00e8re ce terme peut se cacher du roseau, de la paille de bl\u00e9, de seigle, du jonc, du gen\u00eat, de la bruy\u00e8re\u2026 bien que le roseau commun (Phragmites australis) soit largement majoritaire. 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